Increased in the Presence of: * Hemoconcentration * COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) * CHF (congestive heart failure) * Smokers * Pre-eclampsia Decreased in the Presence of: * Anemia * Leukemia * Hyperthryroidism * Chronic liver disease * Hemolysis: o Transfusion reaction o Drug/chemical reaction o Infection o Burns o Mechanical disruption (artificial heart valves) * Systemic Disease o Cancer o Lupus o Sardoidosis | Packed Cell Volume Men 40%-54% Women 37%-47% Pregnancy 33%-44% Newborn 50%-62% |