Upper GI Endoscopy

[Diagnostic]

Indication:

• Dyspepsia (especially ages over 55 years)
• Upper abdominal pain
• Atypical chest pain
• Dysphagia
• Vomiting, weight loss
• Acute or chronic GI bleeding
• Duodenal biopsy in the investigation of malabsorption

Contraindications

• Atlantoaxial subluxation as in rheumatoid arthritis
• Severe shock
• Recent myocardial infarction, unstable angina, cardian arrhythmia
• Severe repiratory disease

Complications

• Aspiration pneumonia
• Perforation
• Bleeding

Procedure

• Explain to the patient the nature of procedure
• Get written consent
• Tell the patient that pain due to air inflation may occur and therefore IV sedation may be given
• Fasting for at least 4 hours
• Throat is sprayed with lignocaine (Xylocaine)
• IV sedation for very anxious patient
• The instrument (endoscope) is passed into the pharynx under direct vision, the down the esophagus into the stomach and duodenum.
• NPO for 90 minu after procedure

"Summerized from Short Textbook of Medical Diagnosis and Management"
Diagnostic