Author Topic: Case (80)  (Read 24843 times)

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Offline Qooryare

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Case (80)
« on: December 09, 2011, 11:19:54 PM »
A 96-year-old female was admitted from a nursing home with complaints of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting (N/V), dizziness, confusion and double vision for 5 days. She was discharged from the hospital just 4 days ago. Digoxin was started during that previous hospitalization for control of tachycardia in atrial fibrillation. One day prior to discharge, digoxin level was 1.8 mg/mL and digoxin dose was decreased to 125 mcg PO Q 48 hr.

Past medical history (PMH):
Hypertension, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, stroke, congestive heart failure.

Medications:
Metoprolol, digoxin, ASA (aspirin), lisinopril, furosemide (Lasix), Coumadin (warfarin), esomeprazole (Nexium).

Physical examination:
In pain, combative and confused.
VSS.
Chest: Occasional bibasilar crackles.
Cardiovascular System: Clear S1 and S2, irregularly irregular rhythm, HR 101 bpm.
Abdomen: Soft, epigastric tenderness, no rebound, + BS.
Extremities: No edema.

What is the most likely diagnosis?
What would you do?




Offline Muraad

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Re: Case (80)
« Reply #1 on: December 24, 2011, 05:08:16 AM »
Dx is digitalis toxicity due to Warfarin inhibtion of CYP450 resulting decreased metabolism of Digoxin.
What to do is to decrease dose of digitalis.

Offline Muraad

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Re: Case (80)
« Reply #2 on: December 24, 2011, 04:53:00 PM »
I would add to the first answer that this pt is 92y/o and most likely has decreased kidney function, which results retaining more digitalis in the system. consider dehydration.
The second answer: as there was a decrease of the dose laready, I think that decreasing dose much more would work but if toxcicity continues then need digitallis toxicity Tx: stop digitalis, correct the K+ level, give Mg2+, and if need be use anti-dig Fab fagments. Still, I think that decreasing much more would solve the problem.

Offline Qooryare

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Re: Case (80)
« Reply #3 on: January 03, 2012, 09:38:22 PM »
most likely diagnosis: digoxin toxicity.

what would you do:
   - stop digoxin.
   - monitor digoxin level .
   - control symptoms.
   - sitter in the room ( bed rest).

Offline Dr. Acromion

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Re: Case (80)
« Reply #4 on: January 04, 2012, 08:40:58 PM »


Diagnosis ; Digoxin Toxicity

Typically, digoxin levels are considered therapeutic for heart rate control between 1.0 and 2.0 ng/mL. The patient in question had a history of plasma digoxin level of 1.8mg/ml, that's almost 1000 times more than the normal level (there are 1000 nanograms in 1 milligram)

Plan;
1. Stop degoxin
2. An ECG is done to check for irregular heart beats.
3. Blood tests will be done to check:

      -BUN and creatinine (which help reveal kidney function)
      -Digoxin level should be monitored.
      -Potassium level (if decreased which is very likely , potassium supplement must be prescribed)
      -Magnesium level.



 

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